Welcome to nantwich
History of Nantwich
Nantwich is one of Cheshire’s most charming and historic market towns, known for its beautiful black-and-white timber-framed buildings, winding streets, and a history stretching back nearly 2000 years.
Its story begins in Roman times, when soldiers and settlers were drawn to the area’s rich natural brine springs. These salt deposits became the foundation of Nantwich’s early prosperity, as salt was a precious commodity used for preserving food and supporting the Roman army.
The name “Nantwich” itself comes from the Old English Wich or Wyche,
meaning a salt town, with “Nant” possibly derived from a Celtic word for a stream or valley.
By the Anglo-Saxon and medieval periods, Nantwich had become one of the most important salt-producing centres in Cheshire.
The Domesday Book of 1086 records it as Wich Malbank, after the powerful Norman barons who held the manor following the conquest.
During the Middle Ages, Nantwich grew into a busy market town, granted charters to hold weekly markets and annual fairs that attracted traders from across the region.
Its prosperity was reflected in the building of the magnificent St. Mary’s Church in the fourteenth century — often called the “Cathedral of South Cheshire” for its size and intricate Gothic architecture.
One of the defining moments in Nantwich’s history came in 1583, when a devastating fire swept through the timber-built town centre,
destroying around 150 houses and businesses.
The disaster prompted a remarkable rebuilding effort, supported by a generous donation of £1,000 from Queen Elizabeth I.
The new buildings were constructed in the now-iconic black-and-white timber-framed style that still characterises much of the town today.
This period of renewal gave Nantwich the distinctive Tudor charm that makes it one of the most picturesque towns in England.
Nantwich also played a prominent role during the English Civil War.
In 1644, it became a stronghold for the Parliamentarian forces and the site of the decisive Battle of Nantwich.
The Royalists, led by Lord Byron, were defeated by Sir Thomas Fairfax and his troops, a victory that helped secure Cheshire for Parliament.
This event is still commemorated each January on “Holly Holy Day,” when local people reenact the battle and celebrate the town’s resilience.
As the salt industry gradually declined in the 18th and 19th centuries, Nantwich adapted to new trades, becoming known for its tanning, leather, and clothing industries.
Later, it became closely associated with Cheshire’s rich agricultural landscape and the production of dairy products, especially cheese.
The arrival of the Shropshire Union Canal in the 1830s and the railway soon after brought fresh opportunities for trade and travel, helping Nantwich to thrive as a prosperous rural market town.
Throughout the 20th century, Nantwich retained its character and heritage, avoiding the heavy industrialisation that transformed other parts of the North West.
The town continued to serve as a centre for farming and local commerce, while developing into a vibrant community that attracts visitors for its history, architecture, and quality of life.
Today, Nantwich is home to a lively programme of annual events — including the Nantwich Show, the International Cheese Awards, and the Holly Holy Day celebrations — which bring together residents and visitors to celebrate its enduring traditions.
Modern Nantwich blends its rich past with a welcoming, contemporary spirit.
Its cobbled streets, historic market square, and scenic riverside make it a joy to explore, while independent shops, cafés, and festivals keep the town’s centuries-old community spirit alive.
From its Roman roots and medieval salt trade to its Civil War heroics and Tudor charm, Nantwich stands as a living reminder of England’s history — proud of its heritage, yet always looking to the future.
Hartley's on the Square 